{R}R 開発ノート

合計 37 件の記事が見つかりました。

8.4 PCA and Spectral Methods

An intuitive, in-depth explanation of PCA, spectral clustering, and eigenvector-based data analysis. Covers covariance matrices, graph Laplacians, and why eigenvalues reveal hidden structure in data. Concludes Chapter 8 and leads naturally into SVD in Chapter 9.
2025-10-10

8.3 The QR Algorithm (High-Level Intuition)

A clear, intuitive, and comprehensive explanation of the QR algorithm—how repeated QR factorizations reveal eigenvalues, why orthogonal transformations provide stability, and how shifts and Hessenberg reductions make the method efficient. Ends with a smooth bridge to PCA and spectral methods.
2025-10-09

Chapter 8 — Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors

A deep, intuitive introduction to eigenvalues and eigenvectors for engineers and practitioners. Explains why spectral methods matter, where they appear in real systems, and how modern numerical algorithms compute eigenvalues efficiently. Leads naturally into the power method and inverse iteration.
2025-10-06

7.3 Least Squares Problems

A clear, intuitive, book-length explanation of least squares problems, including the geometry, normal equations, QR decomposition, and SVD. Learn why least-squares solutions are central to ML and data science, and why QR provides a stable foundation for practical algorithms.
2025-10-04

7.2 Householder Reflections

A clear, intuitive, book-length explanation of Householder reflections and why they form the foundation of modern QR decomposition. Learn how reflections overcome the numerical instability of Gram–Schmidt and enable stable least-squares solutions across ML, statistics, and scientific computing.
2025-10-03

7.1 Gram–Schmidt and Modified GS

A clear, practical, book-length explanation of Gram–Schmidt and Modified Gram–Schmidt, why classical GS fails in floating-point arithmetic, how MGS improves stability, and why real numerical systems eventually rely on Householder reflections. Ideal for ML engineers, data scientists, and numerical computing practitioners.
2025-10-02

Chapter 7 — QR Decomposition

A deep, intuitive introduction to QR decomposition, explaining why orthogonality and numerical stability make QR essential for least squares, regression, kernel methods, and large-scale computation. Covers Gram–Schmidt, Modified GS, Householder reflections, and why QR is often preferred over LU and normal equations.
2025-10-01

6.3 Applications in ML, Statistics, and Kernel Methods

A deep, intuitive explanation of how Cholesky decomposition powers real machine learning and statistical systems—from Gaussian processes and Bayesian inference to kernel methods, Kalman filters, covariance modeling, and quadratic optimization. Understand why Cholesky is essential for stability, speed, and large-scale computation.
2025-09-30

6.2 Memory Advantages

A detailed, intuitive explanation of why Cholesky decomposition uses half the memory of LU decomposition, how memory locality accelerates computation, and why this efficiency makes Cholesky essential for large-scale machine learning, kernel methods, and statistical modeling.
2025-09-29

6.1 SPD Matrices and Why They Matter

A deep, intuitive explanation of symmetric positive definite (SPD) matrices and why they are essential in machine learning, statistics, optimization, and numerical computation. Covers geometry, stability, covariance, kernels, Hessians, and how SPD structure enables efficient Cholesky decomposition.
2025-09-28

Chapter 6 — Cholesky Decomposition

A deep, narrative-driven introduction to Cholesky decomposition explaining why symmetric positive definite matrices dominate real computation. Covers structure, stability, performance, and the role of Cholesky in ML, statistics, and optimization.
2025-09-27

5.4 Practical Examples

Hands-on LU decomposition examples using NumPy and LAPACK. Learn how pivoting, numerical stability, singular matrices, and performance optimization work in real systems, with clear Python code and practical insights.
2025-09-26

5.3 LU in NumPy and LAPACK

A practical, in-depth guide to how LU decomposition is implemented in NumPy and LAPACK. Learn about partial pivoting, blocked algorithms, BLAS optimization, error handling, and how modern numerical libraries achieve both speed and stability.
2025-09-25

5.2 Numerical Pitfalls

A deep, accessible explanation of the numerical pitfalls in LU decomposition. Learn about growth factors, tiny pivots, rounding errors, catastrophic cancellation, ill-conditioning, and why LU may silently produce incorrect results without proper pivoting and numerical care.
2025-09-24

5.1 LU with and without Pivoting

A clear and practical explanation of LU decomposition with and without pivoting. Learn why pivoting is essential, how partial and complete pivoting work, where no-pivot LU fails, and why modern numerical libraries rely on pivoted LU for stability.
2025-09-23

Chapter 5 — LU Decomposition

An in-depth, accessible introduction to LU decomposition—why it matters, how it improves on Gaussian elimination, where pivoting fits in, and what modern numerical libraries like NumPy and LAPACK do under the hood. Includes a guide to stability, practical applications, and a smooth transition into LU with and without pivoting.
2025-09-22

4.4 When Elimination Fails

An in-depth, practical explanation of why Gaussian elimination fails in real numerical systems—covering zero pivots, instability, ill-conditioning, catastrophic cancellation, and singular matrices—and how these failures motivate the move to LU decomposition.
2025-09-21

4.1 Gaussian Elimination Revisited

A deep, intuitive exploration of Gaussian elimination as it actually behaves inside floating-point arithmetic. Learn why the textbook algorithm fails in practice, how instability emerges, why pivoting is essential, and how elimination becomes reliable through matrix transformations.
2025-09-18

4.0 Solving Ax = b

A deep, accessible introduction to solving linear systems in numerical computing. Learn why Ax = b sits at the center of AI, ML, optimization, and simulation, and explore Gaussian elimination, pivoting, row operations, and failure modes through intuitive explanations.
2025-09-17

3.4 Exact Algorithms vs Implemented Algorithms

Learn why textbook algorithms differ from the versions that actually run on computers. This chapter explains rounding, floating-point errors, instability, algorithmic reformulation, and why mathematically equivalent methods behave differently in AI, ML, and scientific computing.
2025-09-16

3.3 Conditioning of Problems vs Stability of Algorithms

Learn the critical difference between problem conditioning and algorithmic stability in numerical computing. Understand why some systems fail even with correct code, and how sensitivity, condition numbers, and numerical stability determine the reliability of AI, ML, and scientific algorithms.
2025-09-15

3.2 Measuring Errors

A clear and intuitive guide to absolute error, relative error, backward error, and how numerical errors propagate in real systems. Essential for understanding stability, trustworthiness, and reliability in scientific computing, AI, and machine learning.
2025-09-14

3.1 Norms and Why They Matter

A deep yet accessible exploration of vector and matrix norms, why they matter in numerical computation, and how they influence stability, conditioning, error growth, and algorithm design. Essential reading for AI, ML, and scientific computing engineers.
2025-09-13

Chapter 3 — Computation & Mathematical Systems

A clear, insightful introduction to numerical computation—covering norms, error measurement, conditioning vs stability, and the gap between mathematical algorithms and real implementations. Essential reading for anyone building AI, optimization, or scientific computing systems.
2025-09-12

2.4 Vector and Matrix Storage in Memory

A clear, practical guide to how vectors and matrices are stored in computer memory. Learn row-major vs column-major layout, strides, contiguity, tiling, cache behavior, and why memory layout affects both speed and numerical stability in real systems.
2025-09-11

2.3 Overflow, Underflow, Loss of Significance

A clear and practical guide to overflow, underflow, and loss of significance in floating-point arithmetic. Learn how numerical computations break, why these failures occur, and how they impact AI, optimization, and scientific computing.
2025-09-10

2.2 Machine Epsilon, Rounding, ULPs

A comprehensive, intuitive guide to machine epsilon, rounding behavior, and ULPs in floating-point arithmetic. Learn how precision limits shape numerical accuracy, how rounding errors arise, and why these concepts matter for AI, ML, and scientific computing.
2025-09-09

2.1 Floating-Point Numbers (IEEE 754)

A detailed, intuitive guide to floating-point numbers and the IEEE 754 standard. Learn how computers represent real numbers, why precision is limited, and how rounding, overflow, subnormals, and special values affect numerical algorithms in AI, ML, and scientific computing.
2025-09-08

Chapter 2 — The Computational Model

An introduction to the computational model behind numerical linear algebra. Explains why mathematical algorithms fail inside real computers, how floating-point arithmetic shapes computation, and why understanding precision, rounding, overflow, and memory layout is essential for AI, ML, and scientific computing.
2025-09-07

1.4 A Brief Tour of Real-World Failures

A clear, accessible tour of real-world numerical failures in AI, ML, optimization, and simulation—showing how mathematically correct algorithms break inside real computers, and preparing the reader for Chapter 2 on floating-point reality.
2025-09-06

1.3 Computation & Mathematical Systems

A clear explanation of how mathematical systems behave differently inside real computers. Learn why stability, conditioning, precision limits, and computational constraints matter for AI, ML, and numerical software.
2025-09-05

1.2 Floating-Point Reality vs. Textbook Math

Floating-point numbers don’t behave like real numbers. This article explains how rounding, cancellation, and machine precision break AI systems—and why it matters.
2025-09-04

1.1 What Breaks Real AI Systems

Many AI failures come from numerical instability, not algorithms. This guide explains what actually breaks AI systems and why numerical linear algebra matters.
2025-09-03

1.0 Why Numerical Linear Algebra Matters

A deep, practical introduction to why numerical linear algebra matters in real AI, ML, and optimization systems. Learn how stability, conditioning, and floating-point behavior impact models.
2025-09-02

Numerical Linear Algebra: Understanding Matrices and Vectors Through Computation

Learn how linear algebra actually works inside real computers. A practical guide to LU, QR, SVD, stability, conditioning, and the numerical foundations behind modern AI and machine learning.
2025-09-01

Conversation Flow and Dialogs｜Mastering Microsoft Teams Bots 3.3

Learn how to build intelligent conversation flows in Microsoft Teams bots using dialogs. This section explains how to guide users through multi-turn interactions, manage state, use prompts and waterfalls, and decide when to use dialogs versus Task Modules.
2025-04-10

Setting Up Your Environment｜Mastering Microsoft Teams Bots 2.1

Start your Microsoft Teams bot development journey with a solid foundation. This section walks you through the essential tools—Node.js, .NET SDK, Ngrok, Azure CLI—and explains why setting up your dev environment the right way is critical to building bots successfully.
2025-04-05

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